National Association of Dental Professionals

Physicochemical characterization of two deproteinized bovine xenografts
Calcium phosphate salts, or more specifically hydroxyapatite, are products of great interest in the fields of medical and dental science due to their biocompatibility and osteoconduction property. Deproteinized xenografts are primarily constituted of natural apatites, sintered or not. Variations in the industrial process may affect physicochemical properties and, therefore, the biological outcome. The purpose of this work was to characterize the physical and chemical properties of deproteinized xenogenic biomaterials, Bio-Oss (Geistlich Biomaterials, Wolhuser, Switzerland) and Gen-Ox (Baumer S.A., Brazil), widely used as bone grafts. Scanning electron microscopy, infrared region spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and degradation analysis were conducted. The results show that both materials presented porous granules, composed of crystalline hydroxyapatite without apparent presence of other phases. Bio-Oss presented greater dissolution in Tris-HCl than Gen-Ox in the degradation test, possibly due to the low crystallinity and the presence of organic residues. In conclusion, both commercial materials are hydroxyapatite compounds, Bio-Oss being less crystalline than Gen-Ox and, therefore, more prone to degradation. (Source: Brazilian Oral Research)  MedWorm Sponsored Message: Find out how you can <a href="http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalsponsorship.php" target="_self">get your message across here</a> by sponsoring this MedWorm news feed.

The bor is changing its submission instruction
(Source: Brazilian Oral Research)

Dealing with dental implant failures
An implant-supported restoration offers a predictable treatment for tooth replacement. Reported success rates for dental implants are high. Nevertheless, failures that mandate immediate implant removal do occur. The consequences of implant removal jeopardize the clinician's efforts to accomplish satisfactory function and esthetics. For the patient, this usually involves further cost and additional procedures. The aim of this paper is to describe different methods and treatment modalities to deal with dental implant failure. The main topics for discussion include identifying the failing implant, implants replacing failed implants at the exact site, and the use of other restorative options.When an implant fails, a tailor made treatment plan should be provided to each patient according to all relevant variables. Patients should be informed regarding all possible treatment modalities following implant failure and give their consent to the most appropriate treatment option for them. (Source: Journal of Applied Oral Science)

Editorial: the cochrane collaboration and oral health: a brazilian experience
(Source: Journal of Applied Oral Science)

Syndromes associated with labiopalatine clefting: a report of three cases
Thomas AM, Chopra S, Singh N, Simratvir M, Moghe GJournal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2008 26(2):88-91 (Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)

Dentinogenesis imperfecta: a case report
Subramaniam P, Mathew S, Sugnani SNJournal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2008 26(2):85-87 (Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)  MedWorm Sponsored Message: Find out how you can <a href="http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalsponsorship.php" target="_self">get your message across here</a> by sponsoring this MedWorm news feed.

Management of a child with autism and severe bruxism: a case report
Muthu MS, Prathibha KMJournal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2008 26(2):82-84 (Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)

Papillon-lefevre syndrome: report of two cases in the same family
Nagaveni NB, Suma R, Shashikiran ND, Subba Reddy VVJournal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2008 26(2):78-81 (Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)

A comparison of salivary calcium, phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase in children with severe, moderate caries, and caries free in tehran's kindergartens
Shahrabi M, Nikfarjam J, Alikhani A, Akhoundi N, Ashtiani M, Seraj BJournal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2008 26(2):74-77 (Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)

Comparison of shear bond strength of amalgam bonded to primary and permanent dentin
Mahdi S, Bahman S, Arghavan AB, Fatemeh MJournal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2008 26(2):71-73 (Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)

Chocolate mouth rinse: effect on plaque accumulation and mutans streptococci counts when used by children
Srikanth RK, Shashikiran ND, Subba Reddy VVJournal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2008 26(2):67-70 (Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)  MedWorm Sponsored Message: Find out how you can <a href="http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalsponsorship.php" target="_self">get your message across here</a> by sponsoring this MedWorm news feed.

The effect of bonding agents on the microleakage of sealant following contamination with saliva
Askarizadeh Nahid, Norouzi Negar, Nemati SaeedJournal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2008 26(2):64-66 (Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)

The effect of fissure morphology and eruption time on penetration and adaptation of pit and fissure sealants: an sem study
Grewal N, Chopra RJournal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2008 26(2):59-63 (Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)

Evaluation of a mixture of zinc oxide, calcium hydroxide, and sodium fluoride as a new root canal filling material for primary teeth
Chawla HS, Setia S, Gupta N, Gauba K, Goyal AJournal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2008 26(2):53-58 (Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)

Comparison of digital radiography, decalcification, and histologic sectioning in the detection of accessory canals in furcation areas of human primary molars
Poornima P, Subba Reddy VVJournal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2008 26(2):49-52 (Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)

Tobacco.... what the future beholds
Damle SGJournal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry 2008 26(2):48-48 (Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)  MedWorm Sponsored Message: Find out how you can <a href="http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalsponsorship.php" target="_self">get your message across here</a> by sponsoring this MedWorm news feed.

Saliva flow rate, buffer capacity, and ph of autistic individuals
Abstract  The objective of the study was to evaluate saliva flow rate, buffer capacity, pH levels, and dental caries experience (DCE) in autistic individuals, comparing the results with a control group (CG). The study was performed on 25 noninstitutionalized autistic boys, divided in two groups. G1 composed of ten children, ages 3–8. G2 composed of 15 adolescents ages 9–13. The CG was composed of 25 healthy boys, randomly selected and also divided in two groups: CG3 composed of 14 children ages 4–8, and CG4 composed of 11 adolescents ages 9–14. Whole saliva was collected under slight suction, and pH and buffer capacity were determined using a digital pHmeter. Buffer capacity was measured by titration using 0.01 N HCl, and the flow rate expressed in ml/min, and the DCE was expressed by decayed, missing, and filled teeth (permanent dentition [DMFT] and primary dentition [dmft]). Data were plotted and submitted to nonparametric (Kruskal–Wallis) and parametric (Student’s t test) statistical tests with a significance level less than 0.05. When comparing G1 and CG3, groups did not differ in flow rate, pH levels, buffer capacity, or DMFT. Groups G2 and CG4 differ significantly in pH (p = 0.007) and pHi = 7.0 (p = 0.001), with lower scores for G2. In autistic individuals aged 3–8 and 9–13, medicated or not, there was no significant statistical difference in flow rate, pH, and buffer capacity. The comparison of DCE among autistic children and CG children with deciduous (dmft) and mixed/permanent decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) did not show statistical difference (p = 0.743). Data suggest that autistic individuals have neither a higher flow rate nor a better buffer capacity. Similar DCE was observed in both groups studied. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00784-008-0209-5Authors Ivy Haralambos Bassoukou, Cruzeiro do Sul University Pedodontics Department Rua Cambuci do Vale 597, ap 65 04805-110 Sao Paulo BrazilJosé Nicolau, University of São Paulo Oral Biology Research Center Ave Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227 05508-900 Sao Paulo BrazilMaria Teresa dos Santos, Cruzeiro do Sul University Pedodontics Department Rua Constantino de Souza 454, ap 141 Sao Paulo Brazil Journal Clinical Oral InvestigationsOnline ISSN 1436-3771Print ISSN 1432-6981 (Source: Clinical Oral Investigations)

Usc school of dentistry researchers use a patient's own bone to accelerate orthodontics
Researchers at the University of Southern California School of Dentistry say they have improved upon a surgical procedure developed by periodontist Tom Wilcko that rapidly straightens teeth, delivering a healthy bite and attractive smile in months instead of years. (Source: Dentistry News From Medical News Today)

British dental association welcomes proposals for nhs constitution
The British Dental Association has welcomed the commitment to preventive, high quality care and the recognition that target-driven systems are not the way forward in Lord Darzi's report, High Quality Care For All. The report also identifies the reduction of health inequalities as a key goal for the NHS. The principles are to be enshrined in a new NHS constitution, which have also been published for consultation. (Source: Dentistry News From Medical News Today)

Nobel’s fastest-growing markets
Nobel Biocare Holding AG said sales are growing much stronger than 20 percent in India and China, helping make Asia the company's fastest-growing region. (Source: Dental Implants Discussed by Experts)

Melisa test for hypersensitivity to metals: should this be routine prior to implant surgery?
Considering how many people are experiencing adverse reactions to implant metals, should testing for intolerance, with MELISA, routinely be done prior to implant placement? (Source: Dental Implants Discussed by Experts)  MedWorm Sponsored Message: Find out how you can <a href="http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalsponsorship.php" target="_self">get your message across here</a> by sponsoring this MedWorm news feed.

Using lasers to treat peri-implantitis?
To all of you who use lasers to treat peri-implantitis, what does the laser do to the implant surface, and do you use the laser on hard or soft tissue? (Source: Dental Implants Discussed by Experts)

Bio-oss: mix small and large particle sizes?
Bio-0ss representatives recommend mixing small and large particle sizes, but is anyone comfortable using large particle size only? (Source: Dental Implants Discussed by Experts)

Break open torque wrenches seem to be sticking?
Recently I noticed that some of the torque wrenches seem to be sticking and are possibly not opening up when they reach the desired torque level. (Source: Dental Implants Discussed by Experts)

Anatomical and surgical findings and complications in 100 consecutive maxillary sinus floor elevation procedures.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0278-2391(08)00089-X"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--linkinghub.elsevier.com-ihub-images-PubMedLink.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18571027">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Anatomical and surgical findings and complications in 100 consecutive maxillary sinus floor elevation procedures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008 Jul;66(7):1426-38 Authors: Zijderveld SA, van den Bergh JP, Schulten EA, ten Bruggenkate CM PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence of anatomical and surgical findings and complications in maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery, and to describe the clinical implications. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred consecutive patients scheduled for maxillary sinus floor elevation were included. The patients consisted of 36 men (36%) and 64 women (64%), with a mean age of 50 years (range, 17 to 73 years). In 18 patients, a bilateral procedure was performed. Patients were treated with a top hinge door in the lateral maxillary sinus wall, as described by Tatum (Dent Clin North Am 30:207, 1986). In bilateral cases, only the first site treated was evaluated. RESULTS: In most cases, an anatomical or surgical finding forced a deviation from Tatum's standard procedure. A thin or thick lateral maxillary sinus wall was found in 78% and 4% of patients, respectively. In 6%, a strong convexity of the lateral sinus wall called for an alternative method of releasing the trapdoor. The same method was used in 4% of cases involving a narrow sinus. The sinus floor elevation procedure was hindered by septa in 48%. In regard to complications, the most common complication, a perforation of the Schneiderian membrane, occurred in 11% of patients. In 2%, visualization of the trapdoor preparation was compromised because of hemorrhages. The initial incision design, ie, slightly palatal, was responsible for a local dehiscence in 3%. CONCLUSION: To avoid unnecessary surgical complications, detailed knowledge and timely identification of the anatomic structures inherent to the maxillary sinus are required. PMID: 18571027 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Dental Clinics of North America)

General session & exhibition of the international dental research association july 2-5, 2008
Did you know that there's a new infant formula that blocks transmission of HIV from mother to baby? â€¦that a mother's Vitamin D status during pregnancy will affect her baby's future dental health? â€¦ that there's a new topical oral syrup that prevents early-childhood tooth decay? The (Source: Dentistry News From Medical News Today)  MedWorm Sponsored Message: Find out how you can <a href="http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalsponsorship.php" target="_self">get your message across here</a> by sponsoring this MedWorm news feed.

Summary of key lectures, symposia, and workshops at the 86th general session of the international association for dental research
Following is a summary of the key lectures, symposia, and workshops that will anchor the 86th General Session of the International Association for Dental Research, convening here July 2-5 at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre. (Source: Dentistry News From Medical News Today)

Effect of n -chlorotaurine mouth rinses on plaque regrowth and plaque vitality
Abstract  The purpose of this 4-day plaque regrowth study was to assess the effect of N-chlorotaurine (NCT) mouth rinses on plaque inhibition and plaque vitality. Eighty volunteers participated in this investigator-blind, randomized, clinical controlled study in parallel groups. No oral hygiene was permitted except rinsing with a 2% or 3% NCT mouth rinse, a positive or a negative control. Primary parameters were the plaque index (Silness and Löe, Acta Odontol Scand, 22:121–135, 1964) and plaque vitality (Netuschil et al., J Clin Periodontol, 16:484–488, 1989) after the final rinse. In addition, another plaque index (Turesky et al., J Periodontol, 41:41–43, 1970), plaque area, and bleeding on probing were recorded. All parameters were taken at baseline and day 5. U test was applied on a 5% error level. No differences in plaque inhibition were found between the two NCT formulations and the negative control. However, a statistically significant reduction of plaque vitality compared to the negative and positive control was observed. Discoloration of the tongue and unpleasant taste were recorded in participants in the NCT groups. NCT mouth rinses did not inhibit plaque regrowth, but they did reduce the vitality of plaque bacteria. Methods of prolonging the substantivity of the NCT mouth rinses should be investigated to enhance the antibacterial properties of these formulations. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00784-008-0207-7Authors K. Lorenz, University of Technology Dresden Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden GermanyD. Mayer, University of Technology Dresden Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden GermanyG. Bruhn, University of Technology Dresden Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden GermanyB. Noack, University of Technology Dresden Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden GermanyM. Brecx, University of Technology Dresden Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden GermanyC. Heumann, University of Munich Department of Statistics Munich GermanyH. Toutenburg, University of Munich Department of Statistics Munich GermanyL. Netuschil, University of Technology Dresden Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden GermanyM. Nagl, Innsbruck Medical University Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Social Medicine Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology Innsbruck AustriaW. Gottardi, Innsbruck Medical University Department of Hygiene, Microbiology and Social Medicine Division of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology Innsbruck AustriaT. Hoffmann, University of Technology Dresden Department of Conservative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Fetscherstr. 74 01307 Dresden Germany Journal Clinical Oral InvestigationsOnline ISSN 1436-3771Print ISSN 1432-6981 (Source: Clinical Oral Investigations)

An in vitro and in vivo evaluation of bioactive titanium implants following sodium removal treatment.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"/><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18585776">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> An in vitro and in vivo evaluation of bioactive titanium implants following sodium removal treatment. Dent Mater. 2008 Jun 26; Authors: Fawzy AS, Amer MA OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dilute HCl as a sodium removal treatment of grit blasted/NaOH/heat treated cp titanium implants on the in vitro bioactivity and the in vivo interface shear resistance at different healing periods. METHODS: Cylindrical implants were machined from cp titanium bars. Half of the implants were blasted by AL(2)O(3) particles followed NaOH/heat treatment. The other half received similar treatment except, dilute HCl was additionally used as a sodium removal treatment. Implants surfaces topography was characterized by AFM before and after immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 3 and 7 days. The implants resistance to interfacial shear force was evaluated at 2, 4, and 8 weeks implantation periods in experimental rabbits. RESULTS: Sodium removal treatment significantly increased surface roughness (Sa parameter), valley fluid retention index and surface area before and after immersion in SBF, however, it significantly decreased core fluid retention index. Calcium and phosphorus containing surface deposits, of larger surface area, were precipitated on implants received the sodium removal treatment after 3 and 7 days in SBF. The implant-bone interface resistance to shear force was significantly increased at 2 weeks healing period after the use of the sodium removal treatment. SIGNIFICANCE: The sodium removal treatment showed to be effective in improving the early bone-implant interface resistance to shear force. Topographical changes, after dilute HCl etching, seem to contribute to the different in vitro and/or in vivo responses observed. PMID: 18585776 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Dental Materials)

Neonatal lines in the enamel of primary teeth-a morphological and scanning electron microscopic investigation.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"/><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18589400">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Neonatal lines in the enamel of primary teeth-A morphological and scanning electron microscopic investigation. Arch Oral Biol. 2008 Jun 26; Authors: Sabel N, Johansson C, Kühnisch J, Robertson A, Steiniger F, Norén JG, Klingberg G, Nietzsche S OBJECTIVE: The neonatal line (NNL) is in principle found in all primary teeth and the line represents the time of birth. Earlier findings of the appearance of the NNL in light microscope and in microradiographs have shown not only changes in the prism direction of the enamel, but that the NNL has a hypomineralized character. METHODS: The neonatal line was analyzed in un-decalcified sections of primary lower and central incisors, collected from individuals of different ages utilizing polarized light microscopy, microradiography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray analysis (XRMA). RESULTS: In polarized light the NNL appeared to have a more porous structure than the enamel in general. The appearance of the NNL as a dark line in microradiographs is interpreted as the NNL being less mineralized than neighbouring enamel. Analysis with ImageJ visualized the reduction of the amount of grey value, indicating that the NNL is less mineralized. Analysis of the NNL in SEM showed a reduction of the diameter of enamel prisms, the more narrow diameters continued through the postnatal enamel. A change of the growth direction of the prisms was also observed at the NNL. In a three-dimensional image the NNL appeared as a grove, however, in non-etched enamel no grove was seen. The elemental analyses with XRMA showed no marked changes in the content of C, Ca, P, N, O or S in the area around the NNL. CONCLUSIONS: The NNL is an optical phenomenon due to alterations in height, and degree of mineralization of the enamel prisms. PMID: 18589400 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Archives of Oral Biology)

Anticaries potential of a fluoride mouthrinse evaluated in vitro by validated protocols.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402008000200001&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.scielo.br-img-scielo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18568220">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Anticaries potential of a fluoride mouthrinse evaluated in vitro by validated protocols. Braz Dent J. 2008;19(2):91-6 Authors: Moi GP, Tenuta LM, Cury JA This blind and randomized study tested in vitro, using validated protocols, the anticaries potential of an experimental fluoride mouthrinse. One-hundred enamel slabs, half sound and half with caries-like lesions (carious), all with known surface microhardness (SMH), were submitted to 3 treatment groups: A) a placebo mouthrinse (negative control); B) a positive control mouthrinse containing 0.05% NaF; and C) an experimental formulation containing 0.05% NaF and cetylpyridinium chloride as an antibacterial substance. To evaluate the formation of F products on enamel, sound (n=10) and carious (n=10) slabs were treated with the formulations during 10 min and loosely and firmly-bound F formed in enamel were determined after extraction with alkali and acid, respectively. To evaluate the inhibition of enamel demineralization, sound enamel slabs (n=10) were treated with the mouthrinse formulations 2x/day during 1 min and subjected to a pH-cycling regimen simulating a cariogenic challenge (demineralization). To evaluate enamel remineralization, the carious slabs (n=10) were submitted to the treatments 3x/day and subjected to a pH-cycling model simulating a remineralizing condition. After 8 days, enamel SMH was determined again and the percentage of SMH loss or SMH recovery was calculated for the sound and carious slabs, respectively. The experimental formulation was superior to the negative control (p<0.05) and equivalent to the positive control (p>0.05) in the formation of F products in enamel, and in the inhibition of enamel demineralization and enhancement of remineralization. These data suggest that the tested experimental fluoride mouthrinse has anticaries potential. PMID: 18568220 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz Dent J)  MedWorm Sponsored Message: Find out how you can <a href="http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalsponsorship.php" target="_self">get your message across here</a> by sponsoring this MedWorm news feed.

Radiographic diagnosis of incipient proximal caries: an ex-vivo study.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402008000200002&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.scielo.br-img-scielo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18568221">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Radiographic diagnosis of incipient proximal caries: an ex-vivo study. Braz Dent J. 2008;19(2):97-102 Authors: Silva Neto JM, Santos RL, Sampaio MC, Sampaio FC, Passos IA The aim of this ex vivo study was to compare visual clinical and radiographic examinations to the histological analysis for proximal caries diagnosis in extracted permanent molars and premolars. The relationship between clinical aspects and carious lesions was also evaluated. Eighty-eight proximal surfaces (44 freshly extracted teeth) were longitudinally sectioned with a 370-microm diamond disk, thinned with wet silicon carbide paper and observed with a stereomicroscope at x40 magnification. Sensitivity and specificity were 65.6% and 83.3% for clinical examination and 29.7% and 95.8% for radiographic examination, respectively. Kappa values ranged from 0.64 to 0.91. The white spots corresponded to lesions restricted to enamel, while the dark spots corresponded to lesions that reached the dentinoenamel junction. In most cases, cavitation corresponded to dentin lesions. It may be concluded that interproximal radiographic examination is not a reliable method for detection of incipient proximal carious lesions. PMID: 18568221 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz Dent J)

Vertical alveolar crest bone maintenance around implants in two-stage surgery: an in situ study in dogs.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402008000200003&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.scielo.br-img-scielo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18568222">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Vertical alveolar crest bone maintenance around implants in two-stage surgery: an in situ study in dogs. Braz Dent J. 2008;19(2):103-8 Authors: Leonardo MR, Borges AT, Martins-Júnior W, Queiroz AM, Assed S The aim of this study was to evaluate in situ changes in the alveolar crest bone height around immediate implant-supported crowns in comparison to tooth-supported crowns (control) with the cervical margins located at the bone crest level, without occlusal load. In Group I, after extraction of 12 mandibular premolars from 4 adult dogs, implants from Branemark System (MK III TiU RP 4.0 x 11.5 mm) were placed to retain complete acrylic crowns. In Group II, premolars were prepared to receive complete metal crowns. Sixteen weeks after placement of the crowns (38 weeks after tooth extraction), the height of the alveolar bone crest was measured with a digital caliper. Data were analyzed statistically by the Mann-Whitney test at 5% significance level. The in situ analysis showed no statistically significant difference (p=0.880) between the implant-supported and the tooth-supported groups (1.528 + 0.459 mm and 1.570 + 0.263 mm, respectively). Based on the findings of the present study, it may be concluded that initial peri-implant bone loss may result from the remodeling process necessary to establish the biological space, similar to which occurs with tooth-supported crowns. PMID: 18568222 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz Dent J)

Surface finishing of unused rotary endodontic instruments: a sem study.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402008000200004&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.scielo.br-img-scielo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18568223">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Surface finishing of unused rotary endodontic instruments: a SEM study. Braz Dent J. 2008;19(2):109-13 Authors: Chianello G, Specian VL, Hardt LC, Raldi DP, Lage-Marques JL, Habitante SM During endodontic therapy, cleaning of root canals is performed using endodontic files and auxiliary chemical substances, and it is important that the endodontist be familiar with the instruments used in daily practice. This study evaluated, under scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the quality of the surface finishing of unused rotary endodontic instruments. Fifty sizes 20, 25 and 30 rotary files from different commercial brands (ProFile, Protaper, Race, Hero and K3 Endo) were removed directly from their packages and had their final 3 mm examined with a scanning electron microscope at x190 magnification with no previous preparation. The images were evaluated by 3 skillful, calibrated, blinded observers according to the following criteria: cutting edge, debris, grooves, microcavities, tip shape, tip position, scraping and transition angle. Data were recorded in worksheets designed for the study. Irregular edges were observed in 50-100% of the files. Except for ProFile, all commercial brands presented surface debris in 100% of samples. Only Race files showed no grooves or microcavities. K3 Endo files presented the best tip centralization. Excetp for ProTaper files, all commercial brands presented blunt-cutting edges in 100% of samples. All types of files presented surface scraping. K3 Endo files and Protaper had a high percentage of transition angle. Based on the evaluation criteria used in the present study, most samples presented a minimum of 2 alterations and a maximum of 7 alterations per instrument. Under the tested conditions, the quality of the surface finishing of the examined instruments was not as expected, given that no instrument was free of imperfections and most of them presented at least 2 and up to 7 types of surface defects. These results suggest that the manufacturing process and the packaging conditions of rotary endodontic instruments are far from ideal. PMID: 18568223 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz Dent J)

Method for determination of root curvature radius using cone-beam computed tomography images.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402008000200005&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.scielo.br-img-scielo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18568224">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Method for determination of root curvature radius using cone-beam computed tomography images. Braz Dent J. 2008;19(2):114-8 Authors: Estrela C, Bueno MR, Sousa-Neto MD, Pécora JD This article describes and discusses a method to determine root curvature radius by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The severity of root canal curvature is essential to select instrument and instrumentation technique. The diagnosis and planning of root canal treatment have traditionally been made based on periapical radiography. However, the higher accuracy of CBCT images to identify anatomic and pathologic alterations compared to panoramic and periapical radiographs has been shown to reduce the incidence of false-negative results. In high-resolution images, the measurement of root curvature radius can be obtained by circumcenter. Based on 3 mathematical points determined with the working tools of Planimp(R) software, it is possible to calculate root curvature radius in both apical and coronal directions. The CBCT-aided method for determination of root curvature radius presented in this article is easy to perform, reproducible and allows a more reliable and predictable endodontic planning, which reflects directly on a more efficacious preparation of curved root canals. PMID: 18568224 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz Dent J)

Influence of local tetracycline on the microbiota of alveolar osteitis in rats.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402008000200006&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.scielo.br-img-scielo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18568225">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Influence of local tetracycline on the microbiota of alveolar osteitis in rats. Braz Dent J. 2008;19(2):119-23 Authors: Bosco JM, Oliveira SR, Bosco AF, Schweitzer CM, Jardim Júnior EG The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of local tetracycline on the occurrence of alveolar osteitis in rats, and on the microbiota associated to this infection. Forty Wistar rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=10): I - the rats had the maxillary right incisor extracted and the alveolar wound did not receive any treatment; II - adrenaline and Ringer-PRAS were introduced into the alveolar wound; III - the alveolar wound was irrigated with sterile saline; and IV - the alveolar wound was irrigated with an aqueous solution of tetracycline. Microbial samples from the alveolar wounds were collected 2 days after surgery and inoculated on blood agar (with and without 8 microg/mL of tetracycline) and other selective media, and were incubated in either aerobiosis or anaerobiosis at 37 masculineC, for 2 to 14 days. It was verified that tetracycline reduced the occurrence of alveolar osteitis in the rats and caused significant changes in the microbiota of the surgical sites, decreasing the number of anaerobes and increasing the participation of tetracycline-resistant and multi-resistant microorganisms. PMID: 18568225 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz Dent J)  MedWorm Sponsored Message: Find out how you can <a href="http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalsponsorship.php" target="_self">get your message across here</a> by sponsoring this MedWorm news feed.

Microbial distribution in the root canal system after periapical lesion induction using different methods.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402008000200007&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.scielo.br-img-scielo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18568226">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Microbial distribution in the root canal system after periapical lesion induction using different methods. Braz Dent J. 2008;19(2):124-9 Authors: Tanomaru JM, Leonardo MR, Tanomaru-Filho M, Silva LA, Ito IY The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbial distribution in the root canal system after periapical lesion induction in dogs' teeth using different methods. Fifty-two root canals were assigned to 4 groups (n=13). Groups I and II: root canals were exposed to the oral cavity for 180 days; groups III and IV: root canals were exposed for 7 days and then the coronal openings were sealed for 53 days. The root apices of groups I and III were perforated, while those of groups II and IV remained intact. After the experimental periods, the animals were euthanized and the anatomic pieces containing the roots were processed and stained with the Brown & Brenn method to assess the presence and distribution of microorganisms. The incidence of microorganisms at different sites of the roots and periapical lesions was analyzed statistically by the chi-square test at 5% significance level. All groups presented microorganisms in the entire root canal system. A larger number of microorganisms was observed on the root canal walls, apical delta and dentinal tubules (p<0.05), followed by cementum and cemental resorption areas. In spite of the different periods of exposure to the oral environment, the methods used for induction of periapical periodontitis yielded similar distribution of microorganisms in the root canal system. PMID: 18568226 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz Dent J)

External location of the buccinator muscle to facilitate electromyographic analysis.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402008000200008&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.scielo.br-img-scielo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18568227">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> External location of the buccinator muscle to facilitate electromyographic analysis. Braz Dent J. 2008;19(2):130-3 Authors: Silva RH, Porciúncula HF, Jardini RS, Pita AP, Ribeiro AP Electromyography is frequently used to measure the activity of masticatory muscles. It requires the precise setting of the electrodes, which demands the accurate location of the muscle to be evaluated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of an external method to locate the buccinator muscle. Fifteen human cadavers were evaluated and planes were determined on the face using anatomic landmarks. An angle (a) was obtained at the intersection of these planes on the central point of buccinator muscle and measured with a protractor. The value of the angle allows locating the central point of buccinator muscle based on anatomic landmarks on the face. Statistical analysis of the collected data indicated an angle of 90 masculine with 95% reliability, thus proving the efficacy of the proposed method. PMID: 18568227 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz Dent J)

Comparative study of chemical and mechanical retentive systems for bonding of indirect composite resin to commercially pure titanium.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402008000200009&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.scielo.br-img-scielo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18568228">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Comparative study of chemical and mechanical retentive systems for bonding of indirect composite resin to commercially pure titanium. Braz Dent J. 2008;19(2):134-8 Authors: Faria AC, Matos RL, Rodrigues RC, Antunes RP, Ribeiro RF, Mattos Mda G This study evaluated the effect of chemical and mechanical surface treatments for cast metal alloys on the bond strength of an indirect composite resin (Artglass) to commercially pure titanium (cpTi). Thirty cylindrical metal rods (3 mm diameter x 60 mm long) were cast in grade-1 cpTi and randomly assigned to 6 groups (n=5) according to the received surface treatment: sandblasting; chemical treatment; mechanical treatment - 0.4 mm beads; mechanical treatment - 0.6 mm beads; chemical/mechanical treatment - 0.4 mm; and chemical/mechanical treatment - 0.6 mm beads. Artglass rings (6.0 mm diameter x 2.0 mm thick) were light cured around the cpTi rods, according manufacturer's specifications. The specimens were invested in hard gypsum and their bond strength (in MPa) to the rods was measured at fracture with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 2.0 mm/min and 500 kgf load cell. Data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (a=5%). The surface treatments differed significantly from each other (p<0.05) regarding the recorded bond strengths. Chemical retention and sandblasting showed statistically similar results to each other (p=0.139) and both had significantly lower bond strengths (p<0.05) than the other treatments. In conclusion, mechanical retention, either associated or not to chemical treatment, provided higher bond strength of the indirect composite resin to cpTi. PMID: 18568228 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz Dent J)

Confocal laser scanning microscopic analysis of the depth of dentin caries-like lesions in primary and permanent teeth.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402008000200010&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.scielo.br-img-scielo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18568229">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Confocal laser scanning microscopic analysis of the depth of dentin caries-like lesions in primary and permanent teeth. Braz Dent J. 2008;19(2):139-44 Authors: Carvalho FG, Fucio SB, Sinhoreti MA, Correr-Sobrinho L, Puppin-Rontani RM This study analyzed comparatively, by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), the depth of caries-like lesions produced by biological and chemical artificial models in permanent and primary dentin. Six primary molars and six premolars were used. The occlusal enamel was removed and a nail polish layer was applied on the specimens, except for a 4 x 2 mm area on dentin surface. Half of specimens were immersed in acid gel for 14 days (chemical model) and the other half was immersed in BHI broth with S. mutans for 14 days (biological model). After development of artificial caries, the crowns were longitudinally sectioned on the center of the carious lesion. Three measurements of carious dentin depth were made in each specimen by CLSM. Measurements depths were compared between the caries models and between tooth types by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (a=5%). For permanent teeth, the biological model showed significantly higher (p<0.05) caries depth values than the chemical model. For primary teeth, no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) was found between the caries models. The artificial caries model influenced caries depth only in permanent teeth. There was no difference in carious dentin depth between permanent and primary teeth, regardless of the artificial caries model. PMID: 18568229 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz Dent J)

Nutritional and anthropometric analysis of edentulous patients wearing implant overdentures or conventional dentures.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402008000200011&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.scielo.br-img-scielo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18568230">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Nutritional and anthropometric analysis of edentulous patients wearing implant overdentures or conventional dentures. Braz Dent J. 2008;19(2):145-50 Authors: Muller K, Morais J, Feine J As masticatory efficiency diminishes drastically in edentulous patients, several researchers have studied over the past two decades how dietary intake varies when different types of oral rehabilitation are provided. Since the use of implants to support prostheses in edentulous mandibles has been shown to significantly improve masticatory performance, the question remains as to whether this improvement will influence the nutritional status. The purose of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of edentulous patients who randomly received either a mandibular conventional denture (CD) or an implant-supported overdenture (IP) 1 year previously. Weight, height, body composition and handgrip strength measurements were collected for analysis. Blood tests were performed to measure plasma parameters of diet intake. Participants responded to a Food Frequency Questionnaire and a Masticatory Function Questionnaire. Fifty-three people participated (58% men, 42% women; mean age = 53). Body composition indicators as well as plasma parameters were generally within normal range, and no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) was found between the groups. Patients in the CD group had significantly lower ratings for items regarding difficulty in chewing (p<0.05), but no significant difference was found for dietary intake (p>0.05). Although the CD wearers reported having more difficulty in chewing hard foods, both groups appeared to have a similar nutritional status. PMID: 18568230 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz Dent J)  MedWorm Sponsored Message: Find out how you can <a href="http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalsponsorship.php" target="_self">get your message across here</a> by sponsoring this MedWorm news feed.

Effect of dental wear, stabilization appliance and anterior tooth reconstruction on mandibular movements during speech.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402008000200012&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.scielo.br-img-scielo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18568231">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Effect of dental wear, stabilization appliance and anterior tooth reconstruction on mandibular movements during speech. Braz Dent J. 2008;19(2):151-8 Authors: Serrano Pde O, Faot F, Cury AA, Garcia RC This study described changes in mandibular movements during pronunciation of /m/ and /s/ sounds in Portuguese, in patients presenting dental wear before and after appliance insertion and tooth reconstruction. Subjects were divided into a control group of dentate patients and an experimental group of patients with incisal tooth wear due to bruxism. A magnetic jaw tracking device measured the jaw opening, and translations to left and right sides of the mandible during pronunciation of phonemes. Evaluations were carried out 1 week and immediately before appliance insertion; 24 h, 7, 30 and 60 days after appliance insertion; and 1 week and 1 month after tooth reconstruction. Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA, Mann-Whitney and Friedman tests (p<0.05). Jaw opening was different (p<0.05) for both sounds in all periods. The anteroposterior amplitude for /s/ showed differences immediately before and 1 month after appliance insertion (p<0.05). Lateral amplitude for the right side showed differences between groups after appliance insertion for /s/, and 1 and 2 months after appliance insertion for the /m/ (p<0.05). Volunteers with anterior tooth wear had a wider opening movement, and the movements during speech of /m/ and /s/ sounds were not changed after appliance insertion and reconstruction of teeth. PMID: 18568231 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz Dent J)

Diagnosis and treatment of extraction sockets in preparation for implant placement: report of three cases.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402008000200013&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.scielo.br-img-scielo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18568232">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Diagnosis and treatment of extraction sockets in preparation for implant placement: report of three cases. Braz Dent J. 2008;19(2):159-64 Authors: Barcelos MJ, Novaes Júnior AB, Conz MB, Harari ND, Vidigal Júnior GM This article addresses diagnostic parameters that should be assessed in the treatment of extraction sockets with dental implant placement by presenting three case reports that emphasize the relevance of the amount of remaining bone walls. Diagnosis was based on the analysis of clinical and radiographic parameters (e.g.: bone defect morphology, remaining bone volume, presence of infections on the receptor site). Case 1 presents a 5-wall defect in the maxillary right central incisor region with severe root resorption, which was treated with immediate implant placement. Cases 2 and 3 present, respectively, two- and three-wall bone defects that did not have indication for immediate implants. These cases were first submitted to a guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedure with bone graft biomaterial and membrane barriers, and the implants were installed in a second surgical procedure. The analysis of the preoperative periodontal condition of the adjacent teeth and bone defect morphology is extremely important because these factors determine the choice between immediate implant or GBR treatment followed by implant installation in a subsequent intervention. PMID: 18568232 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz Dent J)

Clinical, microscopic and imaging findings associated to mccune-albright syndrome: report of two cases.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402008000200014&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.scielo.br-img-scielo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18568233">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Clinical, microscopic and imaging findings associated to Mccune-Albright syndrome: report of two cases. Braz Dent J. 2008;19(2):165-70 Authors: Xavier SP, Ribeiro MC, Sicchieri LG, Brentegani LG, Lacerda SA McCune-Albright syndrome is characterized by the triad café-au-lait cutaneous spots, polyostotic fibrous dysplasia and endocrinopathies. This article presents two cases of McCune-Albright syndrome in a middle-aged woman and a young girl. Both patients presented café-au-lait spots on the face and other parts of the body and expansion of the mandible with radiopaque-radiolucent areas with ground-glass radiographic appearance, and were diagnosed as having fibrous dysplasia and endocrine disorders. The patient of Case 1 had fibrous dysplasia on the upper and lower limbs, thorax, face and cranium, early puberty, hyperglycemia, hyperthyroidism and high serum alkaline phosphatase levels. The patient of Case 2 presented lesions on the upper limbs and evident endocrine disorders. In both cases presented in this article, the initial exam was made because of the mandibular lesion. However, a diagnosis of fibrous dysplasia must lead to investigation of the involvement of other bones, characterizing polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, which is manifested in a number of diseases. An accurate differential diagnosis is mandatory to determine the best treatment approach for each case. PMID: 18568233 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz Dent J)

Cholesterol granuloma of the maxillary sinus.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"><a href="http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0103-64402008000200015&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en"><img src="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query/egifs/http:--www.scielo.br-img-scielo.gif" border="0"/></a> </td><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18568234">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Cholesterol granuloma of the maxillary sinus. Braz Dent J. 2008;19(2):171-4 Authors: Almada CB, Fonseca DR, Vanzillotta RR, Pires FR Cholesterol granuloma (CG) is a foreign body reaction to the deposition of cholesterol crystals, usually found in association to chronic middle ear diseases, being highly uncommon in the paranasal sinuses. This article reports a case of CG in the maxillary sinus of a 22-year-old man, manifesting as a swelling on the right maxilla associated with pain and nasal obstruction. Computed tomography (CT) imaging showed complete opacification of the right maxillary sinus with cortical bone expansion and destruction. Incisional biopsy showed a solid mass filling the sinus and histological examination showed foreign body reaction to cholesterol crystals. The microscopic findings associated to tooth vitality, CT images and absence of a cavity during the surgical procedure were compatible with the diagnosis of CG of the maxillary sinus. Complete surgical excision of the mass under general anesthesia was suggested, but the patient did not return to conclude the treatment. CG must be included in differential diagnosis of diseases that cause opacification on the paranasal sinuses, especially sinusitis, and cystic and tumoral lesions. PMID: 18568234 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz Dent J)

Evaluation of highly reactive mono-methacrylates as reactive diluents for bisgma-based dental composites.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"/><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18584862">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Evaluation of highly reactive mono-methacrylates as reactive diluents for BisGMA-based dental composites. Dent Mater. 2008 Jun 25; Authors: Kilambi H, Cramer NB, Schneidewind LH, Shah P, Stansbury JW, Bowman CN OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the performance of highly reactive novel monomethacrylates characterized by various secondary moieties as reactive diluent alternatives to TEGDMA in BisGMA filled dental resins. We hypothesize that these monomers improve material properties and kinetics over TEGDMA because of their unique polymerization behavior. METHODS: The cure rates and final double bond conversion of the resins were measured using real-time FTIR spectroscopy. The glass transition temperature and storage modulus of the formed polymers were measured using dynamic mechanical analysis. Flexural modulus and flexural strength values were obtained using a three-point bending flexural test. RESULTS: Polymerization kinetics and polymer mechanical properties were evaluated for the novel resin composites. It was observed that upon the use of novel monomethacrylates as reactive diluents, polymerization kinetics increased by up to 3-fold accompanied by increases in the extent of cure from 5% to 13% as compared to the BisGMA/TEGDMA control. Polymer composites formed from resins of BisGMA/novel monomethacrylates exhibited comparable T(g) values to the control, along with 27-37% reductions in the glass transition half widths indicating the formation of more homogeneous polymeric networks. The BisGMA/monomethacrylate formulations exhibited equivalent flexural modulus and flexural strength values relative to BisGMA/TEGDMA. SIGNIFICANCE: Formulations containing novel monovinyl methacrylates exhibit dramatically increased curing rates while also exhibiting superior or at least comparable composite polymer mechanical properties. Thus, these types of materials are attractive for use as reactive diluent alternatives to TEGDMA in dental formulations. PMID: 18584862 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Dental Materials)  MedWorm Sponsored Message: Find out how you can <a href="http://www.medworm.com/rss/medicalsponsorship.php" target="_self">get your message across here</a> by sponsoring this MedWorm news feed.

Quantum mechanical quantitative structure-activity relationships to avoid mutagenicity.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"/><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18584863">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Quantum mechanical quantitative structure-activity relationships to avoid mutagenicity. Dent Mater. 2008 Jun 25; Authors: Holder AJ, Ye L OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this work is to develop a quantum mechanically based quantitative structure-activity relationship (QMQSAR or QSAR hereafter) adequate to predict and explain Ames TA100-derived mutagenicities for a number of organic molecules. METHODS: A set of 35 structurally similar molecules with epoxide (oxirane) functionalities and systematic, reliable experimental data were selected to construct a QSAR model. The SAM1 quantum mechanical method was used to perform conformational analysis and properties calculations. This QM information was used to compute a variety of descriptors. From this a two-descriptor regression model was constructed. RESULTS: The two descriptors are ESP-HACA-1/TMSA and HOMO-LUMO energy gap. Statistical results for the model: R(2)=0.857, R(adj)(2)=0.818,R(cv)(2)=0.848,s(2)=0.0618. The variance inflation factor and significance for both descriptors were 1.082 and <0.001, respectively. The descriptors are related to transport across a membrane and to reactivity. SIGNIFICANCE: The model we have presented here facilitates design of non-mutagenic monomers that may be useful for dental restorative composites. The model also serves as a screening tool for rating the mutagenicity of new candidate materials. PMID: 18584863 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Dental Materials)

Keratinocytes modify fibroblast metabolism in hereditary gingival fibromatosis.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"/><td align="right"><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed&cmd=Display&dopt=PubMed_PubMed&from_uid=18589399">Related Articles</a></td></tr></table> Keratinocytes modify fibroblast metabolism in hereditary gingival fibromatosis. Arch Oral Biol. 2008 Jun 25; Authors: Meng L, Ye X, Fan M, Xiong X, Von den Hoff JW, Bian Z OBJECTIVES: Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare benign disorder characterized by progressive fibrous overgrowth of the gingiva. The proliferation and expression of growth factors of HGF keratinocytes are abnormal. However, the exact role of keratinocytes in HGF pathogenesis is still unknown. The present study aimed to clarify the interactions between HGF keratinocytes and underlying fibroblasts in the pathogenesis of HGF. DESIGN: Gingival tissues, fibroblasts and keratinocytes from three Chinese HGF patients and three healthy subjects were collected. Histological analyses were performed by histochemical and immunohistochemical staining (Ki-67). Gingival fibroblasts were cocultured with gingival keratinocytes in an in vitro coculture system. The mRNA levels of type I collagen, MMP-1, MMP-3, and TIMP-1 were analysed in the cocultured gingival fibroblasts by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The production of type I collagen and TIMP-1 was examined by ELISA. RESULTS: The number of Ki-67-positive keratinocytes in tissue sections from patients was higher than in those from controls. HGF fibroblasts cocultured with HGF keratinocytes showed an increased expression of type I collagen and TIMP-1. Transmission electron microscopy showed increased rough endoplasmic reticulum and ribosomes in cocultured HGF fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that HGF keratinocytes have an important role in HGF pathogenesis by inducing extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation by fibroblasts. PMID: 18589399 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Archives of Oral Biology)

Expression and processing of small integrin-binding ligand n-linked glycoproteins in mouse odontoblastic cells.
<table border="0" width="100%"><tr><td align="left"/></tr></table> Expression and processing of small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins in mouse odontoblastic cells. Arch Oral Biol. 2008 Jun 24; Authors: Chen S, Chen L, Jahangiri A, Chen B, Wu Y, Chuang HH, Qin C, Macdougall M OBJECTIVE: Small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins (SIBLINGs) are expressed in dentin and believed to control dentinogenesis. Five members of SIBLING family include bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteopontin (OPN), matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE), dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP). These genes are clustered on chromosome 4q in humans and share similar biological features. DSPP and DMP1 are processed into given structural/functional fragments in rat and porcine. It still remains unclear whether these evidences occur in mouse and other SIBLING members are also processed into given fragments from their parent precursors. The aim of this study was to identify expression and processing of the five proteins in two mouse odontoblastic cell lines. DESIGN: Two mouse odontoblastic cells were used to study expression and processing of the five SIBLING proteins by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses. RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry study showed that all of the five SIBLING members were expressed within the cytoplasm and cellular processes in the mouse odontoblastic cell lines. Expression levels of DMP1 and DSPP were higher in differentiated mouse odontoblasts than undifferentiated mouse odontoblasts. Immunolabelling signal of DSP and MEPE was also detected within the nucleus in the two cell lines. Western blot assay indicated that all five members were processed into at least two fragments in these cells. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that different processed products and expression levels of the SIBLING proteins may play distinct biological functions in tooth development and mineralisation. PMID: 18582847 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Archives of Oral Biology)

Wrinkle appearance on the labial gingival at implant site: recommendations?
I placed a dental implant into a healed extraction site to replace a maxillary central incisior. The soft tissue on the labial of this site has a small indentation or wrinkle similar to the rugae on the palate. (Source: Dental Implants Discussed by Experts)